数据库处理 基础、设计与实现 英文版PDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本网盘下载

数据库处理 基础、设计与实现 英文版PDF格式电子书版下载

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PART 1&GETTING STARTED1

Chapter 1:Introduction2

Chapter Objectives2

The Characteristics of Databases3

A Note on Naming Conventions3

A Database Has Data and Relationships4

Databases Create Information5

Database Examples6

Single-User Database Applications6

Multiuser Database Applications6

E-Commerce Database Applications7

Reporting and Data Mining Database Applications7

The Components of a Database System8

Database Applications and SQL9

The DBMS11

The Database12

Personal Versus Enterprise-Class Database Systems13

What Is Microsoft Access?13

What Is an Enterprise-Class Database System?15

Database Design16

Database Design from Existing Data16

Database Design for New Systems Development17

Database Redesign18

What You Need to Learn19

A Brief History of Database Processing20

The Early Years20

The Emergence and Dominance of the Relational Model22

Post-Relational Developments23

Summary24

Key Terms35

Review Questions26

Project Questions28

Chapter 2:Introduction to Structured Query Language31

Chapter Objectives31

Cape Codd Outdoor Sports32

The Retail Sales Data Extraction33

RETAIL_ORDER Data33

ORDER_ITEM Data34

SKU_DATA Table35

Data Extracts Are Common35

SQL Background35

The SQL SELECT/FROM/WHERE Framework36

Reading Specified Columns from a Single Table36

Reading Specified Rows from a Single Table38

Reading Specified Columns and Rows from a Single Table39

Submitting SQL Statements to the DBMS40

Using SQL in Microsoft Access 200740

Using SQL in Microsoft SQL Server 200846

Using SQL in Oracle Database 11g48

Using SQL in Sun Microsystems MySQL 5.150

SQL Enhancements for Querying a Single Table52

Sorting the Results53

SQL WHERE Clause Options55

Combing the SQL WHERE Clause and the SQL ORDER BY Clause59

Performing Calculations in SQL Queries59

Using SQL Built-in Functions59

SQL Expressions in SQL SELECT Statements62

Grouping in SQL SELECT Statements64

Looking for Patterns in NASDAQ Trading67

Investigating the Characteristics of the Data68

Searching for Patterns in Trading by Day of Week69

Querying Two or More Table swith SQL70

Querying Multiple Tables with Subqueries70

Querying Multiple Tables with Joins73

Comparing Subqueries and Joins76

Summary77

Key Terms77

Review Questions78

Project Questions82

Marcia's Dry Cleaning86

Morgan Importing89

PART 2&DATABASE DESIGN93

Chapter 3:The Relational Model and Normalization94

Chapter Objectives94

Relational Model Terminology96

Relations96

Characteristics of Relations97

Alternative Terminology98

Functional Dependencies100

Finding Functional Dependencies101

Keys104

Normal Forms106

Modification Anomalies106

A Short History of Normal Forms107

Normalization Categories108

From First Normal Form to Boyce-Codd Normal Form108

Eliminating Anomalies from Functional Dependencies110

Eliminating Anomalies from Multivalued Dependencies117

Fifth Normal Form120

Domain/Key Normal Form120

Summary121

Key Terms121

Review Questions122

Project Questions124

Marcia's Dry Cleaning125

Morgan Importing126

Chapter 4:Database Design Using Normalization127

Chapter Objectives127

Assess Table Structure128

Designing Updatable Databases129

Advantages and Disadvantages of Normalization129

Functional Dependencies129

Normalizing with SQL130

Choosing Not to Use BCNF131

Multivalued Dependencies132

Designing Read-Only Databases132

Denormalization132

Customized Duplicated Tables134

Common Design Problems135

The Multivalue,Multicolumn Problem135

Inconsistent Values136

Missing Values137

The General-Purpose Remarks Column138

Summary139

Key Terms139

Review Questions139

Project Questions141

Marcia's Dry Cleaning142

Morgan Importing143

Chapter 5:Data Modeling with the Entity-Relationship Model144

Chapter Objectives144

The Purpose of a Data Model145

The Entity-Relationship Model145

Entities145

Attributes146

Identifiers146

Relationships147

Maximum Cardinality149

Minimum Cardinality150

Entity-Relationship Diagrams and Their Versions151

Variations of the E-R Model151

E-R Diagrams Using the IE Crow's Foot Model152

Strong Entities and Weak Entities153

ID-Dependent Entities153

Non-ID-Dependent Weak Entities154

Subtype Entities156

Patterns in Forms,Reports,and E-R Models157

Strong Entity Patterns158

ID-Dependent Relationships162

Mixed Identifying and Nonidentifying Patterns168

The For-Use-By Pattern171

Recursive Patterns172

The Data Modeling Process174

The College Report175

The Department Report175

The Department/Major Report176

The Student Acceptance Letter178

Summary180

Key Terms181

Review Questions182

Project Questions184

Marcia's Dry Cleaning191

Morgan Importing191

Chapter 6:Transforming Data Models into Database Designs192

Chapter Objectives192

Create a Table for Each Entity193

Selecting the Primary Key194

Specifying Candidate(Alternate)Keys195

Specify Column Properties195

Verify Normalization197

Create Relationships198

Relationships Between Strong Entities198

Relationships Using ID-Dependent Entities201

Relationships with a Weak Non-ID-Dependent Entity206

Relationships in Mixed Entity Designs206

Relationships Between Supertype and Subtype Entities208

Recursive Relationships208

Representing Ternary and Higher-Order Relationships210

Relational Representation of the Highline University Data Model213

Design for Minimum Cardinality214

Actions When the Parent Is Required216

Actions When the Child Is Required217

Implementing Actions for M-O Relationships218

Implementing Actions for O-M Relationships219

Implementing Actions for M-M Relationships219

Designing Special Case M-M Relationships219

Documenting the Minimum Cardinality Design220

An Additional Complication222

Summary of Minimum Cardinality Design222

The View Ridge Gallery Database222

Summary of Requirements222

The View Ridge Data Model223

Database Design with Data Keys224

Minimum Cardinality Enforcement for Required Parents225

Minimum Cardinality Enforcement for the Required Child227

Column Properties for the View Ridge Database Design Tables228

Summary230

Key Terms231

Review Questions231

Project Questions233

Marcia's Dry Cleaning234

Morgan Importing234

PART 3&DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION235

Chapter 7:SQL for Database ConstruCtion and Application Processing236

Chapter Objectives236

The View Ridge Gallery Database237

SQL DDL,DML and a New Type of Join237

Managing Table Structure with SQL DDL238

Creating the View Ridge Database238

Using the SQL CREATE TABLE Statement239

Variations in SQL Data Types239

Creating the ARTIST Table240

Creating the WORK Table and the 1:N ARTIST-to-WORK Relationship244

Implementing Required Parent Rows245

Implementing 1:1 Relationships245

Casual Relationships245

Creating Default Values and Data Constraints with SQL246

Creating the View Ridge Database Tables248

The SQL ALTER Statement251

The SQL DROP TABLE Statement252

SQL DML Statements252

The SQL INSERT Statement252

Populating the View Ridge Database Tables253

The SQL UPDATE Statement259

The SQL DELETE Statement260

New Forms of Join260

The SQL JOIN ON Syntax260

Outer Joins262

Using SQL Views266

Using SQL Views to Hide Columns and Rows268

Using SQL Views to Display Results of Computed Columns269

Using SQL Views to Hide Complicated SQL Syntax270

Layering Built-in Functions270

Using SQL Views for Isolation,Multiple Permissions,and Multiple Triggers273

Updating SQL Views273

Embedding SQL in Program Code274

Using SQL Triggers275

Using Triggers to Provide Default Values276

Using Triggers to Enforce Data Constraints278

Using Triggers to Update Views279

Using Triggers to Implement Referential Integrity Actions279

Using Stored Procedures281

Advantages of Stored Procedures281

The WORK_AddWorkTransaction Stored Procedure283

Summary283

Key Terms285

Review Questions286

Project Questions290

Marcia's Dry Cleaning293

Morgan Importing294

Chapter 8:Database Redesign295

Chapter Objectives295

The Need for Database Redesign296

SQL Statements for Checking Functional Dependencies296

Correlated Subqueries297

Analyzing the Existing Database302

Reverse Engineering302

Dependency Graphs303

Database Backup and Test Databases304

Changing Table Names and Table Columns305

Changing Table Names305

Adding and Dropping Columns306

Changing a Column Data Type or Column Constraints307

Adding and Dropping Constraints308

Changing Relationship Cardinalities and Properties308

Changing Minimum Cardinalities308

Changing Maximum Cardinalities309

Adding and Deleting Tables and Relationships312

Forward Engineering(?)312

Summary313

Key Terms314

Review Questions314

Project Questions316

Marcia's Dry Cleaning317

Morgan Importing318

PART 4&MULTIUSER DATABASE PROCESSING319

Chapter 9:Managing Multiuser Databases320

Chapter Objectives320

Database Administration321

Managing the Database Structure322

Concurrency Control323

The Need for Atomic Transactions324

Resource Locking328

Optimistic Versus Pessimistic Locking330

Declaring Lock Characteristics331

Consistent Transactions332

Transaction Isolation Level333

Cursor Type334

Database Security335

Processing Rights and Responsibilities335

DBMS Security337

DBMS Security Guidelines337

Application Security339

SQL Injection Attack340

Database Backup and Recovery340

Recoveryvia Reprocessing341

Recoveryvia Rollback/Rollforward341

Managing the DMBS343

Maintaining the Data Repository344

Summary345

Key Terms346

Review Questions347

Project Questions348

Marcia's Dry Cleaning349

Morgan Importing350

Chapter 10:Managing Databases with SQL Server 2008351

Chapter Objectives351

Installing SQL Server 2008352

The Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Management Studio353

Creating an SQL Server 2008 Database354

SQL Server 2008 Utilities356

SQL CMD and Microsoft PowerShell356

Microsoft SQL CLR356

SQL Server 2008 GUI Displays357

SQL Server 2008 SQL Statements and SQL Scripts357

Creating and Populating the View Ridge Database Tables360

Creating the View Ridge Database Table Structure360

Reviewing Database Structures in the SQL Server GUI Display364

Indexes368

Populating the VRG Tables with Data369

Creating Views379

SQL Server 2008 Application Logic381

Transact-SQL382

Stored Procedures385

Triggers393

Concurrency Control407

Transaction Isolation Level408

Cursor Concurrency408

Locking Hints409

SQL Server 2008 Security410

SQL Server Database Security Settings412

SQL Server 2008 Backup and Recovery414

Backing Up a Database414

SQL Server Recovery Models415

Restoring a Database416

Database Maintenance Plans416

Topics Not Discussed in This Chapter417

Summary417

Key Terms417

Review Questions418

Project Questions420

Marcia's Dry Cleaning421

MorganImporting421

PART 5&DATABASE ACCESS STANDARDS427

Chapter 11:The Web Server Environment428

Chapter Objectives428

The Web Database Processing Environment429

The ODBC Standard431

ODBC Architecture431

Conformance Levels432

Creating an ODBC Data Source Name434

The Mircosoft.NET Framework and ADO.NET437

OLE DB438

ADO and ADO.NET442

The ADO.NET Object Model442

The JAVA Platform446

JDBC446

Java Server Pages(JSP)and Servlets448

Apache Tomcat449

Web Database Processing with PHP449

Web Database Processing with PHP and Eclipse451

Getting Started with HTML Web Pages453

The index.html Web Page453

Creating the index.html Web Page453

Using PHP456

Challenges for Web Database Processing463

Web Page Examples with PHP463

Example 1:Updating a Table464

Example 2:Using PHP Data Objects(PDO)470

Example 3:Invoking a Stored Procedure470

Summmary478

Key Terms480

Review Questions481

Project Questions483

Marcia's Dry Cleaning485

Morgan Importing485

Chapter 12:Database Processing with XML486

Chapter Objectives486

The Importance of XML487

XML as a Markup Language488

XML Document Type Declarations489

Materializing XML Documents with XSLT489

XML Schema494

XML Schema Validation494

Elements and Attributes495

Flat Versus Structured Schemas496

Global Elements500

Creating XML Documents from Database Data502

Using the SQLSELECT...FOR XML Statement502

Multitable SELECT with FOR XML506

An XML Schema for All CUSTOMER Purchases510

A Schema with Two Multivalue Paths514

Why Is XML Important?514

Additional XML Standards520

Summary522

Key Terms523

Review Questions523

Project Questions524

Marcia's Dry Cleaning525

Morgan Importing525

Chapter 13:Database Processing for Business Intelligence Systems526

Chapter Objectives526

Business Intelligence Systems526

The Relationship Between Operational and BI Systems526

Reporting Systems and Data Mining Applications527

Reporting Systems528

Data Mining Applications528

Data Warehouses and Data Marts528

Components of a Data Warehouse528

Data Warehouses Versus Data Marts531

Dimensional Databases532

Reporting Systems539

RFM Analysis540

Producing the RFM Report541

Reporting System Components544

Report Types545

Report Media545

Report Modes546

Report System Functions546

OLAP549

Data Mining552

Unsupervised Data Mining554

Supervised Data Mining555

Three Popular Data Mining Techniques555

Market Basket Analysis555

Using SQL for Market Basket Analysis555

Summary557

Key Terms558

Review Questions559

Project Questions561

Marcia's Dry Cleaning563

Morgan Importing564

Bibliography567

Glossary569

Index591