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Unit One Challenges and Opportunities in Biology Today1

Lesson 1 Challenges and Opportunities in Biology Today2

Lesson 2 Biology Is the Study of Life(Reading Material)6

Unit Two Origin of Living Things and Evolution11

Lesson 3 The Origin of Organic Molecules12

Lesson 4 Darwin s Theory of Evolution(Reading Material)16

Unit Three Biology of Animals19

Lesson 5 The Animal Kingdom20

Lesson 6 Arthropods and Their Major Groups(Reading Material)25

Lesson 7 Introduction to the Vertebrates(Reading Material)28

Lesson 8 Diversity of Mammals(Reading Material)32

Unit Four Biology of Plants35

Lesson 9 The Plant Body36

Lesson 10 Flowers,Fruits,Seeds,and Plant Embryos(Reading Material)42

Lesson 11 The Roles of Plant Nutrients and Fertilizers(Reading Material)46

Lesson 12 An Overview of Photosynthesis(Reading Material)49

Unit Five Cells and Development Biology52

Lesson 13 General Characteristics of Cells53

Lesson 14 Mating and Fertilization(Reading Material)57

Lesson 15 Call Cleavage(Reading Material)62

Lesson 16 Organogenesis:Development of Body Organs(Reading Material)65

Unit Six Ecology68

Lesson 17 Ecology and the Levels of Organization69

Lesson 18 The Concept of Population(Reading Material)73

Lesson 19 Community Ecology of Islands and the Design of Nature Preserves(Reading Material)78

Lesson 20 The Flow of Energy in Ecosystems(Reading Material)81

Unit Seven Experiments in Biology85

Lesson 21 Sampling86

Lesson 22 Culture Bacteria(Reading Material)91

Lesson 23 DNA Sequence Analysis(Reading Material)94

Lesson 24 The World of Biosphere-Ⅱ(Reading Material)97

Unit Eight Pest Control101

Lesson 25 Life Histories of Insects102

Lesson 26 The Pest Problem and Control Strategies(Reading Material)106

Lesson 27 Pesticides and Problems(Reading Material)110

Lesson 28 Biological Control and Integrated Pest Management(Reading Material)114

Unit Nine Environmental Protection119

Lesson 29 Carbon Dioxide and the Greenhouse Effect120

Lesson 30 Disposal of Sewage(Reading Material)124

Lesson 31 Noise Pollution(Reading Material)127

Lesson 32 Save Environment,Save Ourselves(Reading Material)131

Unit Ten Microbiology134

Lesson 33 Virus and Its Nature135

Lesson 34 Bacteria(Reading Material)139

Lesson 35 Fungi and Their Structure(Reading Material)142

Lesson 36 Algae(Reading Material)145

Unit Eleven Biochemistry and Molecular Biology149

Lesson 37 General Concepts and Classification of Enzymes150

Lesson 38 Amino Acid Composition of Proteins(Reading Material)154

Lesson 39 DNA:A Linear Molecule(Reading Material)158

Unit Twelve Genetics162

Lesson 40 Mendelian Genetics163

Lesson 41 Genes:The Units of Hereditary Information(Reading Material)170

Lesson 42 The Path of Information Flow from DNA to RNA(Reading Material)174

Lesson 43 Translation:RNA into Protein(Reading Material)177

Unit Thirteen Genetic Engineering181

Lesson 44 Genetic Engineering in Plants182

Lesson 45 Building a Bigger Mouse(Reading Material)185

Lesson 46 Tomato Engineering(Reading Material)188

Lesson 47 Transgenic Animals(Reading Material)192

Unit Fourteen The News on Biological Science and Technology195

Lesson 48 Yuan Seeks to Feed World196

Lesson 49 Species Need Protection(Reading Material)201

Lesson 50 Human Genome Project(Reading Material)207

Unit Fifteen Selected Papers in Biology211

Lesson 51 Effects of JH and Ecdysone on Endogenous Ice Nucleus Production in Larvae of the Rice Stem Borer,Chilo Suppressalis Walker(Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)212

Lesson 52 Cell Cycle Inhibition of Potato Root Tips Treated with Imazethapyr(Reading Material)220

Lesson 53 Cloning and Sequence Analysis of the hmeB Gene of Rhodothermus marinus(Reading Material)227

Unit Sixteen WTO and Quarantine232

Lesson 54 WTO and China233

Lesson 55 Travel Medicine and Food Safety(Reading Material)236

Lesson 56 Official Quarantine Certificates(Reading Material)239

Vocabulary Index244

Phrase Index276

练习参考答案286

主要参考文献289